Improvement in gas-heaters



L. A. & W. G. DUVAL. Domestic -0ven.

Patented Jan. 12,1869.

if V froverz/z'or .To all whom. it may concern LAURENCE'A. DUVAL AND WILFRID GQDUVAL, or CHARLESTON,

- SOUTH CAROLINA.

Letters Patent No. 85,804, dated J anua/ry 12, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN GAS-HEATERS.

Be it known that we, LAURENCE A. DUVAL and .WILFBID G. DUVAL, both of the city and district of Charleston, in the State of South Carolina, have in- ,vented a new and useful Improvement in Bakers, or

Baking-Utensils, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, and in which Figures 1 and 2 represent sectional elevations, at right angles to each other, of a baker, constructed in accordance with our improvement.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures.

This improvement relates to a portable baking-utensil, applicable to stoves of various kinds.

In our improvement we use a case, with a smaller case or oven fitted in it, and'with suflicient space'between the two to allow the heated air and gases to circulate between them. In such connection,

Our invention consists, First, in the arrangement of a shield below the bottom plate of the oven, the same being so bent or shaped as to form a lower ridge, shelving upwardly to either side, to effect an equable distribution of the heat, and being so disposed as to establish a ventilating or airspace underneath the' oven, from front to back of the baker, to allow a certain portion of the heat which passes through the shield to escape, and thereby prevent the bottom of the oven from becoming overheated.

. Secondly, the invention consists in constructing the oven, arranged as described, with an open top in communication with the side spaces or passageswhich sepa- I ratethe oven fi'om the outer case, and in communica tion with a draught-aperture, or apertures, made in or through the back of the outer case, whereby the heated .air or gases is or are drawn up and over the sides of the oven, into and through the interiorof the latter, and out through the back, thereby producing a more uniform an dsecouomical distribution of the heat.

Referring to the accompanying drawing- A represents the outer case, made with one or more holes a in its bottom for receiving the heated air or gases from astove.

. B is the interior case or oven, constructed to extend from fiont to back of the outer case, but its bottom, b,

and sides, 0 0, made to stop short of the top and bottom of said case, and the width of the oven being such as to establish heating-spaces or passages d d between the sides of the two cases.

D is a lid or door, 'for getting at the interior of the oven, and 4 E, a shelf, with which the oven may be provided, if desired.

Below the bottom, 12, of the oven is a ventilatingspace or air-passage, F, extending through the front 'the oven.

Where the stove, to which the baker is applied, is

and back of the outer case, the same being formed by a shield, G, bent or shaped to present what maybe termed a lower ridge, 0, with sides sloping or running upwardly therefrom.

The ventilating-space, or passage F allows of a certain portion of heat, which passes through the shield G, to escape, and so prevents the bottom of the oven from becoming overheated, while the shield G first receives the heat on its lower projecting ridge or surface, and causes the heat tobe divided, and to follow the ascending slope on each side of the bottom of the shield,

from whence it"rises up the passages d d, thereby causing a uniformdistributioniof the heat to the sides of what may be denominated of a smokeless character, such as a gas or certain description of kerosene or petroleum-stove, then we leave the top of 'the oven open, and make the top of the outer case close, and establish a draught-opening or openings, 9, in the lower part of the back of the outer case, the same being in commu nication with the interior of the oven. This causes the heated air or gases-to be drawn up the passages 11 d, over the top edges of the sides of the oven, and down into and through the interior of the latter, which produces more equal baking, and economizes the application of the heat.

Applied to stoves that produce smoke, then the oven should be closed in at the top, and the draught-opening established through the top of the outer case, in-. stead of through the lower portion of its back, as de-. scribed.

What is here claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination, with the'oven B, of the shield- G, arranged to form'a ventilating-space or passage, F,

below the oven and through the 'outer case A, and condraught opening or openings g, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3; The combination of the oven B, shield G, ventilating-space or passage F, outer case A, side passages d d, and draught-opening or openings g, in communication with said passages, through the oven at its top,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

R. H. McDownnn, Jos. G. :MARTLN. 

